Dysbiosis What Is Dysbiosis? Dysbiosis refers to an imbalance in the colonies of microorganisms—primarily bacteria—that live inside and on the human body. These microorganisms, collectively known as the microbiota, normally support many important bodily functions including digestion, immune regulation, nutrient absorption, and protection against harmful pathogens. When the balance between beneficial and harmful microbes is disrupted, dysbiosis can occur. This imbalance most c