SIBO What Is SIBO? SIBO stands for Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth . It occurs when bacteria in the small intestine grow in excessive amounts, disrupting the natural balance of the gut microbiome. While some bacteria normally live in the small intestine, problems arise when the wrong types of bacteria multiply or when the total bacterial population becomes too large . When this happens, these bacteria begin to consume nutrients intended for the body and produce byproduc