The Hidden Toxicity of Candles: What’s Really in the Air You Breathe

Toxicity of Candles

Clearing the Air: The Hidden Toxicity of Many Candles

Candles are often associated with relaxation, cozy evenings, and calming scents. But what many people don’t realize is that some candles may contribute to indoor air pollution.

Many commercially available candles are made from paraffin wax, a petroleum byproduct. When burned, paraffin candles can release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as benzene and toluene—chemicals that are known to contribute to indoor air contamination.

In addition to the wax itself, many scented candles contain synthetic fragrances and dyes that can release additional chemicals into the air when heated.

What the Research Says

A frequently cited 2014 study concluded that scented candles used under normal conditions do not pose significant health risks, even though they may release small amounts of compounds such as benzene and formaldehyde within limits recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO).

However, critics point out that the research involved scientists connected to the candle manufacturing industry, which raises questions about potential bias.

A 2015 study conducted in South Korea found that scented candles can emit VOCs both before they are lit and while burning, suggesting they may be a notable source of indoor air pollution. Exposure to elevated levels of VOCs has been associated with symptoms such as:

• Headaches • Respiratory irritation • Dizziness • Potential long-term effects on the liver and kidneys with high exposure

Because of this, some researchers recommend ventilating indoor spaces after burning candles, similar to precautions taken when using other VOC-producing products like paint, cleaning products, or gas stoves.

Choosing Safer Candle Alternatives

If you enjoy the ambiance of candles but want to minimize potential exposure to pollutants, there are cleaner options available.

Vegetable-Based Wax Candles

Candles made from soy, coconut, or other vegetable-based waxes are increasingly popular alternatives. These waxes are derived from renewable sources and are often marketed as more environmentally friendly options.

Beeswax Candles

Beeswax candles are another natural choice. They are made from a renewable resource and often produce a subtle, natural honey scent without requiring added fragrances.

Watch for “Blended Wax” Labels

Many candles are labeled as wax blends without clearly stating what they contain. These blends frequently include paraffin wax. If you are trying to avoid petroleum-based products, it’s best to choose candles that clearly state 100% soy, coconut, vegetable wax, or beeswax.

Tips for Reducing Indoor Air Pollution from Candles

If you burn candles regularly, a few simple steps can help reduce potential exposure:

• Choose candles made from natural waxes like soy, coconut, or beeswax • Avoid candles with synthetic fragrances and artificial dyes • Ventilate the room after burning candles • Trim the wick to reduce soot production

A More Conscious Way to Enjoy Candlelight

Candles can still be enjoyed as part of a relaxing environment, but being aware of what they’re made from can help you make more informed choices.

By choosing cleaner-burning waxes and minimizing synthetic additives, you can enjoy the ambiance of candlelight while helping maintain better indoor air quality.